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At line 1 changed one line
!!! Functions
!!! Blocks
At line 5 changed one line
We can define __functions__ in Python. Functions are defined globally, within the file/module as they begin in column 0.
In Python, a block is a group of statements that belong together, forming the body of a function, loop, class or other structure. A block is defined by an initial line followed by the contents of the block indented four characters.
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As an example, a {{for}} block sets up a loop:
At line 9 changed 4 lines
\\# we define a function called "display_message"
def display_message(message):
print(message)
raise Exception('we did something wrong.')
for i in range(0,5):
print(i)
%%
Notice that the contents of the {{for}} block are indented four characters. This causes the contents of the block to be executed five times, printing the value of the index variable ("i") each time.
At line 15 added 9 lines
!! The try-except-finally Block
In Python there is a {{try-except-finally}} structure called a "compound statement" consisting of three separate __blocks__, which is ideal for a main.py file.
In the below example, there is a {{try}} block, followed by an {{except}} block, followed by a {{finally}} block. A {{try}} block must be followed by an {{except}} block and/or a {{finally}} block (you must have one of them).
%%filename main.py %%
%%python
At line 15 changed 3 lines
display_message('hello world.')
except Exception as e:
print('an error occurred: {}'.format(e))
print('hello world.') # remember to indent the insides of your blocks by 4 characters!
except Exception:
# this block is executed if there is an exception (error)
print('an error occurred.')
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# this is always executed, no matter what
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If you want to use the exception to print out an error message you need to assign it to a variable (in this case, we've used {{ex}}).
%%filename main.py %%
%%python
try:
print('hello world.')
except Exception as ex:
print('an error occurred: {}'.format(ex))
finally:
print('complete.')
%%
At line 24 changed one line
__Next:__ [MicroPython Tutorial Exercise 3|MicroPythonTutorialExercise03]: classes
__Next:__ [MicroPython Tutorial Exercise 3|MicroPythonTutorialExercise03]: functions