This page (revision-18) was last changed on 2019-12-23 11:17 by Murray Altheim

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Power Supplies...nobody
PowerSupplies

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At line 14 changed one line
[{Image src='PowerSupplies/nuclear.jpg' caption='Serious Power' alt='serious power' align='right' class='imgFloatRight'}] There are a number of companies providing USB Power Supplies specifically for the Raspberry Pi. Each of the Raspberry Pi models has different power requirements (see below), with recommended PSU (Power Supply Unit) current capacities ranging from 700mA for the Model A to 3 amps for the Pi 4, but these numbers don't include sensors or motors.
[{Image src='USBPowerSupplies/nuclear.jpg' caption='Serious Power' alt='serious power' align='right' class='imgFloatRight'}] There are a number of companies providing USB Power Supplies specifically for the Raspberry Pi. Each of the Raspberry Pi models has different power requirements (see below), with recommended PSU (Power Supply Unit) current capacities ranging from 700mA for the Model A to 3 amps for the Pi 4, but these numbers don't include sensors or motors.
At line 18 changed one line
! Some Pi Power Requirements
[Jaycar|Vendors] sell a ''[Mean Well 70W 5V 14A Power Supply|https://www.jaycar.co.nz/mean-well-70w-5v-14a-power-supply/p/MP3289]'' that actually delivers 70 watts (5 volts at 14 amps, do the math) for NZ$54.90. It's not as pretty as the Apple unit but as a bench power supply it looks pretty good. Here's the specs:
At line 20 removed 16 lines
Shown below is a portion of the table from the [Raspberry Pi FAQ|https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/faqs/#pi-power]. There's also a table showing typical power usage "during standard processes" (which doesn't include driving your robot up a steep incline). They define a "stressed" Raspberry Pi 3B as using 1.34 amps. Stall current on a robot motor can be 5 amps. Most robots have at least two motors.
Hmm. Clearly we need to think about this a bit more.
%%small
|| Product || Recommended PSU Current || Maximum USB peripheral draw || Typical bare-board consumption
| Raspberry Pi Model A+ | 700mA | 500mA | 180mA
| Raspberry Pi Zero W | 1.2mA | Limited by components | 150mA
| Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ | 2.5A | 1.2A | 500mA
| Raspberry Pi 4 Model B | 3.0mA | 1.2mA | 600mA
%%
! A Potential Bench Power Supply
[Jaycar|Vendors] sell a ''[Mean Well 70W 5V 14A Power Supply|https://www.jaycar.co.nz/mean-well-70w-5v-14a-power-supply/p/MP3289]'' that actually delivers 70 watts (5 volts at 14 amps, do the math) for NZ$54.90. It's not as pretty as the Apple unit but as a bench power supply it looks pretty good. Here's the specs: [{Image src='PowerSupplies/bench-supply.png' caption='The Mean Well Power Supply: not so pretty' alt='mean well bench supply' align='right' class='imgFloatRight' style='margin-right:15%'}]
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! Some Pi Power Requirements
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%%small
|| Product || Recommended PSU Current || Maximum USB peripheral draw || Typical bare-board consumption
| Raspberry Pi Model A+ | 700mA | 500mA | 180mA
| Raspberry Pi Zero W | 1.2mA | Limited by components | 150mA
| Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ | 2.5A | 1.2A | 500mA
| Raspberry Pi 4 Model B | 3.0mA | 1.2mA | 600mA
%%
The above is a portion of the table from the [Raspberry Pi FAQ|https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/faqs/#pi-power]. There's also a table showing typical power usage "during standard processes" (which doesn't include driving your robot up a steep incline). They define a "stressed" Raspberry Pi 3B as using 1.34 amps. Stall current on a robot motor can be 5 amps. Most robots have at least two motors.
Hmm. Clearly we need to think about this a bit more.
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Some power supplies (what we might call "old school") use a [transformer|https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transformer] to convert the wall voltage (110 volts in the Canada, the US and Japan, 200-240 volts in most of the rest of the world) down to the low voltage (5-12 volts) used for our robot. The more power we needed, the larger the transformer. The amount of power that could be delivered was almost in direct relation to the size the transformer. Transformers can get big and heavy.
Some power supplies (what we might call "old school") use a [transformer|https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transformer] to convert the wall voltage (110 volts in the Canada, the US and Japan, 200-240 volts in most of the rest of the world) down to the low voltage (5-12 volts) used for our robot. The more power we needed, the larger the transformer. The amount of power that could be delivered was almost a direct relation to the size the transformer. Transformers can get big and heavy.
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products. Apple seems to be the worst: they sell two adapters (listed as the ''Apple 87W USB-C Power Adapter'' and the ''96W USB-C Power Adapter'') that are likely the most expensive on the market and are not showing their output ratings in watts but seemingly their power ''requirements'', i.e, not what they __deliver__ but what they __use__. Of course it says nothing about this on the box. It's 87 watts, right?
products. Apple seems to be the worst: they sell two adapters (listed as the ''Apple 87W USB-C Power Adapter'' and the ''96W USB-C Power Adapter'') that are likely the most expensive on the market and are not showing their output ratings in watts but seemingly their power ''requirements'', i.e, not what they __deliver__ but what they __use__. Of course it says nothing about this on the box. It's 87 watts, right? [{Image src='USBPowerSupplies/5w-adapter-thumb.png' link='https://support.apple.com/library/content/dam/edam/applecare/images/en_US/accessories/Adapters/5w-adapter-tech-spec.png' caption='Apple 5 watt USB adapter' alt='Apple 5 watt USB adapter' align='right' class='imgFloatRight'}]
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To give you an idea of how far this is off from that advertised 87 watt promise, delivering 87 watts at 5 volts it should be delivering __17.4 amps__. Apple's unit is clearly using 87 watts to deliver 15 watts (3 amps at 5 volts) of power. You can check this yourself by using an online [Watts to Amps Calculator|https://www.rapidtables.com/calc/electric/Watt_to_Amp_Calculator.html] or [Amps to Watts Calculator|https://www.rapidtables.com/calc/electric/Amp_to_Watt_Calculator.html].
[{Image src='USBPowerSupplies/12w-adapter-thumb.png' link='https://support.apple.com/library/content/dam/edam/applecare/images/en_US/accessories/Adapters/12w-adapter-tech-spec.png' caption='Apple 12 watt USB adapter' alt='Apple 12 watt USB adapter' align='left' class='imgFloatLeft'}] To give you an idea of how far this is off from that advertised 87 watt promise, delivering 87 watts at 5 volts it should be delivering __17.4 amps__. Apple's unit is clearly using 87 watts to deliver 15 watts (3 amps at 5 volts) of power. You can check this yourself by using an online [Watts to Amps Calculator|https://www.rapidtables.com/calc/electric/Watt_to_Amp_Calculator.html] or [Amps to Watts Calculator|https://www.rapidtables.com/calc/electric/Amp_to_Watt_Calculator.html].
At line 77 added 2 lines
What's strange is that Apple has delivered honest reporting on its other units. Their tiny 5 watt unit delivers 5 volts at 1 amp. Their 12 watt unit delivers 5.2 volts at 2.4 amps. They provide technical specification for these smaller models, but the "Tech Specs" for the 96 watt model just says "USB C". What gives?
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[{Image src='PowerSupplies/5w-adapter-thumb.png' link='https://support.apple.com/library/content/dam/edam/applecare/images/en_US/accessories/Adapters/5w-adapter-tech-spec.png' caption='Apple 5 watt USB adapter' alt='Apple 5 watt USB adapter' align='left' class='imgFloatLeft' style='margin-right:2em'}] What's strange is that Apple has delivered honest reporting on its other units. Their tiny 5 watt unit delivers 5 volts at 1 amp. Their 12 watt unit delivers 5.2 volts at 2.4 amps. They provide technical specification for these smaller models, but the "Tech Specs" for the 96 watt model just says "USB C". What gives?
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[{Image src='PowerSupplies/12w-adapter-thumb.png' link='https://support.apple.com/library/content/dam/edam/applecare/images/en_US/accessories/Adapters/12w-adapter-tech-spec.png' caption='Apple 12 watt USB adapter' alt='Apple 12 watt USB adapter' align='right' class='imgFloatRight'}]
This page (revision-18) was last changed on 2019-12-23 11:17 by Murray AltheimTop